Endoscopic Endonasal Transtuberculum Approach for Pediatric Tuberoinfundibular Craniopharyngioma: 2-Dimensional Operative Video.

INDICATIONS CORRIDOR AND LIMITS OF EXPOSURE: The endoscopic endonasal transtuberculum approach grants access to suprasellar and retrochiasmatic lesions with hypothalamic involvement. Here, we present a case of a 13-year-old boy with a history of stunted growth, decreased vision, headaches, and low energy with a tuberoinfundibular craniopharyngioma. The patient consented to the procedure. ANATOMIC ESSENTIALS NEED FOR PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND ASSESSMENT: Evaluation of the sphenoid sinus pneumatization, internal carotid artery disposition, presence of clinoidal rings, variations of the infrachiasmatic corridor (optic chiasm location, height of dorsum sella), and location of the pituitary stalk are crucial for surgical strategy. ESSENTIALS STEPS OF THE PROCEDURE: Harvesting of nasoseptal flap and access to the sphenoid sinus; drilling the sella, tuberculum, and chiasmatic sulcus up to the limbus sphenoidalis and laterally exposing the clinoidal carotid artery segment; wide dural opening to the level of distal rings inferolaterally and falciform ligaments superolaterally; identification and coagulation of superior hypophyseal branches providing tumor supply; intracapsular dissection and debulking and subpial sharp dissection at the hypothalamic tumor interface to achieve complete removal; and reconstruction with inlay collagen, fascia lata, and nasoseptal flap. PITFALLS/AVOIDANCE OF COMPLICATIONS: Preservation of the superior hypophyseal arteries and stalk is essential for preventing pituitary dysfunction. Preoperative reckoning of hypothalamic invasion and identification of adequate interface aids in avoiding complications. To reduce CSF leak risk, multilayer reconstruction was performed and lumbar drain placed postoperatively. VARIANTS AND INDICATIONS FOR THEIR USE: For retroclival extension, intradural pituitary transposition should be considered to expand the corridor; in patients with preoperative hypopituitarism, pituitary sacrifice is most effective to increase retroclival access.

Combined transpetrosal approach for giant petroclival meningioma: 2-dimensional operative video.

Petroclival meningiomas are extremally challenging lesions due to their deep location and close relation to critical neurovascular structures. Several approaches have been described to achieve gross-total resection with low morbidity and mortality. In this 2-dimensional operative video, the authors show a simultaneous combined transpetrosal approach. The patient is a 44-year-old woman with an 8-month history of gait imbalance with evidence of a giant petroclival meningioma on neuroimaging. She underwent a combined middle fossa approach with anterior petrosectomy and retrosigmoid/retrolabyrinthine approach to achieve gross-total tumor resection. The postoperative course was characterized by trigeminal neuralgia, and neuroimaging showed gross-total resection of the tumor. The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2022.1.FOCVID21248.

Abordaje Quirúrgico a la Cisterna Interpeduncular / Surgical Approach to the Interpeduncular Cistern

Objetivo: Describir el acceso quirúrgico a la fosa interpeduncular para la resección de cavernomas ubicados en situación ventromedial del mesencéfalo. Introducción: El abordaje ¨Pretemporal¨ contralateral con resección orbitocigomatica utilizando la via transilviana, permite abordar la cara ventral de la fosa interpeduncular para lesiones comprendidas entre la union diencefalo-mesencefálica y el surco ponto-mesencefálico. Materiales y Métodos: Datos de historia clínica, fotografías y videos obtenidos de un caso quirúrgico operado en nuestro servicio. Disecciones cadavéricas en 14 piezas anatómicas de tronco cerebral (9 siguiendo la técnica de Klingler y 5 piezas sin congelar, de modo comparativo), 23 especímenes inyectados describiendose los corredores quirúrgicos a la región, mas estudios complementarios. Discusión: La bibliografía internacional consultada propone el abordaje orbitocigomatico homolateral para lesiones situadas en la fosa interpeduncular. En nuestro caso elegimos el abordaje ¨Pretemporal¨ con resección orbito-cigomática contralateral dada la localización alta de la lesión y la disposición de su eje mayor (antero-posterior) en sentido opuesto, ofreciendo de este modo un mejor ángulo de ataque por esta vía propuesta. Conclusión: En nuestra experiencia el abordaje ¨Pretemporal¨ contralateral con orbitotomia y en ¨particular¨ la resección cigomática mejoró el ángulo de trabajo, desde inferior a superior y de lateral a medial, para alcanzar de este modo lesiones mesencefálicas ventro-mediales ¨altas¨ en el plano sagital, versus un acceso ¨Orbitocigomatico¨ clásico homolateral.